{"id":7585,"date":"2023-05-13T12:30:44","date_gmt":"2023-05-13T09:30:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/thorax.gr\/?p=7585"},"modified":"2024-03-23T13:29:42","modified_gmt":"2024-03-23T11:29:42","slug":"ti-prepei-na-gnorizete-gia-ton-pneymotho","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thorax.gr\/en\/ti-prepei-na-gnorizete-gia-ton-pneymotho\/","title":{"rendered":"WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT PNEUMOTHORA"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A pneumothorax, commonly called a collapsed lung, can be a painful and worrying experience.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In a healthy body, the lungs touch the chest walls. A pneumothorax occurs when air enters the space between the chest wall and the lung, called the pleural space. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The pressure of this air causes the lung to collapse in on itself. The lung can completely collapse, but most often only a part of it collapses. This collapse can also put pressure on the heart, causing further symptoms.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A few different things can cause a pneumothorax, and symptoms can vary widely. Doctors can help diagnose and treat pneumothorax.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Reasons<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The causes of pneumothorax are categorized as either primary spontaneous, secondary spontaneous or traumatic.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Primary spontaneous pneumothorax<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) occurs when the person has no known history of lung disease. The immediate cause of PSP is unknown.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Risk groups for primary spontaneous pneumothorax include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">smokers of tobacco or cannabis<\/span><\/li>\n<li>tall men<\/li>\n<li>people aged 15-34<\/li>\n<li>people with a family history of pneumothorax<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The most important risk factor associated with PSP is smoking. A review in the medical journal BMJ noted that men who smoke tobacco are 22 times more likely to develop PSP than nonsmokers. Women who smoke tobacco are nine times more likely than non-smokers to develop PSP.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If treated early, PSP is usually not fatal.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Secondary spontaneous pneumothorax<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Secondary spontaneous pneumothorax (SSP) can be caused by a variety of lung diseases and disorders. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">SSP carries more severe symptoms than PSP and is more likely to cause death. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lung conditions that may increase the risk of pneumothorax include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)<\/span><\/li>\n<li>cystic fibrosis<\/li>\n<li>severe asthma<\/li>\n<li>lung infections, such as tuberculosis and some forms of pneumonia<\/li>\n<li>sarcoidosis<\/li>\n<li>thoracic endometriosis<\/li>\n<li>pulmonary fibrosis<\/li>\n<li>lung cancer and sarcomas involving the lungs<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Certain connective tissue disorders can also cause SSP. These disorders include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">rheumatoid arthritis<\/span><\/li>\n<li>polymyositis and dermatomyositis<\/li>\n<li>ankylosing spondylitis<\/li>\n<li>systemic sclerosis<\/li>\n<li>Ehlers-Danlos syndrome<\/li>\n<li>Marfan syndrome<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Under certain circumstances, children are also at risk for SSP. Causes of SSP in children include: <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">congenital malformations, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">foreign object inhalation, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">measles, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">echinococcosis. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The risk may also be higher if a family member has previously experienced SSP.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Traumatic pneumothorax<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A traumatic pneumothorax is the result of impact or injury. Possible causes include blunt trauma or injury that damages the chest wall and pleural space. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">One of the most common ways this happens is when someone breaks a rib. The sharp points of the broken bone can puncture the chest wall and damage the lung tissue. Other causes include sports injuries, car accidents, and puncture or stab wounds. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A traumatic pneumothorax can occur even if there is no noticeable chest wound. This is common in people who have experienced blast trauma from an explosion. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Scuba divers must take precautions when underwater to prevent pneumothorax. When divers breathe from a tank of compressed air, they experience different levels of pressure from the water and the air itself. The force of these different pressures can cause damage to the lungs, which can take the form of a pneumothorax. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Certain medical procedures can also lead to a traumatic pneumothorax. Inserting a catheter into a vein in the chest or taking a sample of lung tissue can lead to a pneumothorax. Doctors often monitor people after these procedures to spot any early signs that may need treatment.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tension pneumothorax<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Any of these types of pneumothorax can turn into a tension pneumothorax. This is caused by a leak in the pleural space that looks like a one-way valve. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As a person inhales, air leaks into the pleural space and becomes trapped. It cannot be released during exhalation. This process leads to increased air pressure in the pleural space which is life threatening and needs immediate treatment.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Symptoms<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The symptoms of pneumothorax may not be noticeable at first and may be confused with other disorders. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Symptoms of pneumothorax can range from mild to life-threatening and may include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">difficulty breathing<\/span><\/li>\n<li>chest pain, which may be worse on one side of the chest<\/li>\n<li>sharp pain during inhalation<\/li>\n<li>chest pressure that gets worse over time<\/li>\n<li>blue discoloration of the skin or lips;<\/li>\n<li>increased heart rate<\/li>\n<li>rapid breathing<\/li>\n<li>confusion or dizziness<\/li>\n<li>loss of consciousness or coma<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Some cases of pneumothorax have almost no symptoms. These can only be diagnosed with an X-ray or other type of scan. Others need urgent medical attention. Anyone experiencing the above symptoms should contact their doctor or seek immediate medical attention.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Diagnosis<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Diagnosing pneumothorax can be complicated due to the variety of symptoms and causes. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In non-emergency situations, doctors will first physically examine a person to look for signs of the disorder. They may tap on their chest to check for abnormal sounds or listen to their breathing through a stethoscope.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Doctors will also ask someone about their medical history and habits, such as smoking. They may also ask about any family history of lung disorders. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Imaging is an important part of most diagnoses. Doctors use X-rays to take pictures of the chest and look for signs of a collapsed lung. A technician takes the X-ray while the person inhales fully and holds their breath.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The size of the pneumothorax is usually measured as the space between the lung and the chest wall. The size of the pneumothorax often determines how it is treated.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">CT scans are used to get a better picture of the lung than an X-ray can provide. Doctors often use CT scans in trauma situations when they need an accurate image of a puncture wound or other injury for treatment. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ultrasound is used in some cases and can provide a quick way to see the size and severity of a pneumothorax. It may be more sensitive than x-rays for examining blunt trauma. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In cases of severe tension pneumothorax, evidence of a damaged lung is often very obvious and requires immediate attention to prevent permanent damage or even death.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Treatment<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Most forms of pneumothorax require medical attention. The extent of this medical care can vary as much as the disorder itself.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Standard medical treatment usually involves inserting a small tube between the ribs or under the collarbone to release the gas that has built up. This will slowly decompress the lung.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Doctors may prescribe various medications to numb pain, help remove toxins, or prevent infection in the body. Some people may need oxygen if their lung capacity is insufficient.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong><em>The surgical treatment<\/em><\/strong> may be necessary in some cases, especially in people who have repeated pneumothorax. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">People with SSP are more likely to need medical attention because of the severe nature of the lung disease associated with the condition. Those with SSP may experience more severe symptoms and face a greater risk of serious complications and death. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Some very small pneumothoraces may heal without any treatment. Doctors can give their patients the option of allowing the pneumothorax to heal under supervision without taking any medical or surgical action. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A person experiencing signs or symptoms should report them to a doctor. They can decide whether medical intervention is necessary to reduce the risk of serious events.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pneumothorax can be difficult to diagnose and treat. A person should work closely with their doctor to make sure the treatment is successful. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pneumothorax should be taken seriously and can be life-threatening in some cases. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Most cases can be treated with early medical intervention. Working with a qualified doctor as soon as symptoms are noticed is the best way to ensure that the pneumothorax heals properly.<\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u039f \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03bf\u03b8\u03ce\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2, \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03ce\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1. \u03a3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03b3\u03b9\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03ce\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1. \u039f \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03bf\u03b8\u03ce\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03ad\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03c9\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03b6\u03c9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1. \u0397 \u03c0\u03af\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":7588,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[210],"tags":[399,280,253,398,237,273,397,396,277,236],"class_list":["post-7585","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-210","tag-antimetopisi-pneymothoraka","tag-280","tag-253","tag-thorakikes-pathiseis","tag-237","tag-273","tag-pathiseis-toy-thoraka","tag-pneymothorakas","tag-277","tag-236"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/thorax.gr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7585","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/thorax.gr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/thorax.gr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thorax.gr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/12"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thorax.gr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7585"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/thorax.gr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7585\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8032,"href":"https:\/\/thorax.gr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7585\/revisions\/8032"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thorax.gr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7588"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/thorax.gr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7585"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thorax.gr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7585"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thorax.gr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7585"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}